Intocable

Campos de concentración y campos de exterminio.

   Como todos sabéis los campos de concentración y de exterminio son la característica principal del régimen nazi. Los primeros fueron construidos poco después del nombramiento de Hitler como canciller en enero de 1933. Los campos de concentración eran centros de detenciones donde se encerraba a personas por su origen ascendente (como latinos, eslavos, gitanos y sobre todo judíos), discapacitados, locos y homosexuales; todos ellos reconocidos como "razas inferiores". En ellos, eran obligados a trabajar bajo duras condiciones y sin respeto a las normas legales sobre el arresto o la encarcelación.

   En los primeros centros fueron recluidos enemigos políticos del régimen, mayoritariamente miembros del Partido Socialista y el Partido Comunista Alemán. Poco a poco, los nazis disolvieron la mayoría de los primeros campos y los sustituyeron por grandes campos de concentración bajo la jurisdicción única de la SS (guardia de élite del estado nazi). Hacia 1939, este sistema de campos se extendió rápidamente hacia Europa oriental y adquirió dimensiones dantescas con la aparición de campos de exterminio.

   Los campos de exterminio nacieron como una forma de aniquilación masiva de la población judía. Estas 2 fechas son el punto de partida de la "Solución Final".

• Julio de 1941, se planea la "solución final de la cuestión judía" mediante el aniquilamiento biológico de los judíos.
• 20 de enero de 1942 se celebra la Conferencia de Wannsee para llevar a cabo el exterminio. Desde entonces comienza la eliminación de los judíos en los campos de concentración de Auchwitz, Chelmno, Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka y Majdanek.

   En estos campos, las personas eran reducidas a un estado de infrahombre, muchos fallecían de hambruna o por las epidemias; el resto eran aniquiladas. Hubo una especie de evolución en la aniquilación. Comenzaron con la asfixia en camiones especiales utilizando los gases provocados por la combustión del motor y terminaron desarrollando un organizado sistema que utilizaba el gas Ciclón B para asesinar de una sola vez a cientos de personas en cámaras de gas; luego se apilaban los cuerpos y después se incineraban.

Cámara de gas

Cuerpos amontonados

   En los campos de concentración y exterminio fueron asesinadas más de seis millones de personas. Los campos de exterminio más importantes son los de Auchwitz y Treblinka.

   English part:

   Concentration camps and extermination are the main feature of the Nazi regime. The first were built shortly after Hitler's appointment as chancellor in January 1933. Concentration camps were detention centers where people are locked up by their origin (Latino, Slavs, Gypsies and especially Jews), the disabled, and homosexuals crazy, all recognized as "inferior races". In them, they were forced to work under harsh conditions and without regard to legal norms of arrest or incarceration.

   The extermination camps were created as a form of mass annihilation of the Jewish population. In these fields, the people were reduced to a state of infrahombre, many were dying of starvation or epidemics, the rest were annihilated. There was a kind of evolution in annihilation. They started with asphyxia special trucks using gases in the combustion engine and finished developing an organized system using Cyclone B gas to kill once hundreds of people in gas chambers and then the bodies were stacked and then incinerated.

Fuente: 

- http://jcdonceld.blogspot.com.es/2012/01/campos-de-concentracion-y-exterminio-de.html

Ficha de arte: cartel de la Guerra Civil.

   This poster is Melendreras where had all the flags of the republican forces to signify a single fighter: the Popular Republican Army.

    During the Spanish Civil War there was a huge spread of the ideology of both sides through the posters. In these political objectives, problems, hatreds, aspirations and beliefs are expressed.

Ficha de arte: cartel comunista.

   It is a sign of the Communist Party of Spain, in which we see the red flag with the symbol of communism, the hammer and sickle on white with a slogan supporting the Communist Party, and several representative figures.

   The Communist Party of Spain fought against the dictatorship of Franco removal. This poster was made for propaganda of communism.

Ficha de arte: casa de la Cascada.

   It is a house designed by Frank Lloyd Wright over a waterfall of Bear Run River, in Fayette County Pennsylvania (USA). It consisted of 3 levels, very low ceilings and windows followed. 

   Wright noticed that it wasn't one but two waterfalls that they cut the direction of the current in opposite diagonal, so the house was set achieving a progressive step. To the surprise of Kaufmann, he hoped the house was next to the waterfall and not above her, Wright replied, "I want you to live with the waterfall, not only that you see it becomes an integral part of your lives."

Ficha de arte: La cosecha.

   Painted by Camille Pissarro in 1882, it shows the harvest scene using light colors mainly and dark to shade and depth. It's the theme of life of peasants that make gathering their harvest. It captures the real moment with great lyricism. 

Ficha de arte: Cráneo fumando un cigarrillo.

   It is a work of Van Gogh which measures 32 x 25.5 cm. Here we can see the skull and torso of a skeleton smoking a cigarette on a dark background that contrasts with the clarity of the figure, painted gold and brown tones.

   It represents the position burlesque Van Gogh to the other skeletons that were on the drawing academy which he would give anatomy lessons. Despite the depressing nature of the painting, it's his comic work.

Ficha de arte: Daddy, what did you do in the Great War?

   It was painted by artist Savile Lumley, and it's a British propaganda poster used during World War 1. In the poster you see a man and his two children: a girl sitting on his lap with an open book, and boy sitting on the floor playing with soldiers. The daughter looks at her father asking, "Daddy, what did you do in the great war?". The poster was published by the Parliamentary Recruiting Committee in London.

   It was designed to induce a sense of patriotic guilt. It was trying to capture the British men who were unwilling to participate in the Great War. The theme was "What's going to respond to her daughter when she grows up and ask," Dad, what did you do in the great war?"